Using the clock drawing test to differentiate impairments in executive functioning between Alzheimer’s Dementia and Parkinson’s disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
Background Previous studies suggest the usefulness of CDT in distinguishing between neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose this study was to examine differences performance individuals with AD and PD compared normal controls. Methods Total 194 participants. Four groups included analysis: patients that met diagnostic criteria for late MCI/mild AD, moderate no cognitive impairment, All participants completed MMSE CDT. score ≤ 23 considered >24 mixed all had >24. Results An ANOVA used group scores. There a significant main effect both scores (p < 0.001). Moderate significantly lower other (average 19.4 26.6 mild 26.9 Parkinson’s, 28.2 controls). Post-hoc t-tests (Bonferroni corrected multiple comparisons) showed higher error on controls (p<0.001). also patient No statistical significance existed = 0.134) or Parkinson’s disease 1.000). 0.904). Findings executive functioning may only begin decline advanced stages AD. Conclusion Our findings deficits functions measured by is impaired but relatively preserved which consistent previous studies. One limitation we did not include copy trial CDT, support our are due dysfunction rather than visuospatial deficits. Future directions increasing sample sizes, including using novel digital versions different variables such as time start complete, coordination, graphic size.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Alzheimers & Dementia
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1552-5260', '1552-5279']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.061909